Now his elder son was in the field. As he came near to the house, he heard music and dancing.
He called one of the servants to him, and asked what was going on.
He said to him,
'Your brother has come, and your father has killed the fattened calf, because he has received him back safe and healthy.'
But he was angry, and would not go in.
Therefore his father came out, and begged him.
But he answered his father,
'Behold, these many years I have served you, and I never disobeyed a commandment of yours, but you never gave me a goat, that I might celebrate with my friends.
But when this, your son, came, who has devoured your living with prostitutes, you killed the fattened calf for him.'
He said to him,
'Son, you are always with me, and all that is mine is yours.
But it was appropriate to celebrate and be glad, for this, your brother, was dead, and is alive again. He was lost, and is found.'"
What was it like to follow Jesus? (Luke's research continued)
Jesus wove parables and teaching with people asking for healing or information
Jesus' parable: The Unrighteous Steward
a wise, dishonest money manager
"There was a certain rich man who had a manager. An accusation was made to him that this man was wasting his possessions.
He called him, and said to him,
'What is this that I hear about you? Give an accounting of your management, for you can no longer be manager.'
"The manager said within himself,
'What will I do, seeing that my lord is taking away the management position from me? I don’t have strength to dig. I am ashamed to beg.
I know what I will do, so that when I am removed from management, they may receive me into their houses.'
Calling each one of his lord’s debtors to him, he said to the first,
'How much do you owe to my lord?'
He said,
'A hundred batos of oil.'
He said to him,
'Take your bill, and sit down quickly and write fifty.'
Then said he to another,
‘How much do you owe?’
He said,
‘A hundred cors of wheat.’
He said to him,
‘Take your bill, and write eighty.’
“His lord commended the dishonest manager because he had done wisely, for the children of this world are, in their own generation, wiser than the children of the light.
I tell you, make for yourselves friends by means of unrighteous mammon, so that when you fail, they may receive you into the eternal tents.
He who is faithful in a very little is faithful also in much.
He who is dishonest in a very little is also dishonest in much.
If therefore you have not been faithful in the unrighteous mammon, who will commit to your trust the true riches?
If you have not been faithful in that which is another’s, who will give you that which is your own?
No servant can serve two masters, for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to one, and despise the other. You aren’t able to serve God and mammon."
Some take pride in their money and scoff at Jesus:
The Pharisees, who were lovers of money, also heard all these things, and they scoffed at him.
He said to them,
"You are those who justify yourselves in the sight of men, but God knows your hearts. For that which is exalted among men is an abomination in the sight of God.
Law and the prophets -> Good news of the Kingdom of God:
“Now there was a certain rich man, and he was clothed in purple and fine linen, living in luxury every day.
A certain beggar, named Lazarus, was laid at his gate, full of sores,
and desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man’s table. Yes, even the dogs came and licked his sores.
It happened that the beggar died, and that he was carried away by the angels to Abraham’s bosom. The rich man also died, and was buried.
In Hades, he lifted up his eyes, being in torment, and saw Abraham far off, and Lazarus at his bosom.
He cried and said,
'Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue! For I am in anguish in this flame.'
“But Abraham said,
'Son, remember that you, in your lifetime, received your good things, and Lazarus, in like manner, bad things. But now here he is comforted and you are in anguish.
Besides all this, between us and you there is a great gulf fixed, * note that those who want to pass from here to you are not able, and that none may cross over from there to us.'
"He said,
'I ask you therefore, father, that you would send him to my father’s house;
for I have five brothers, that he may testify to them, so they won’t also come into this place of torment.'
"But Abraham said to him,
'They have Moses and the prophets. Let them listen to them.'
"He said,
'No, father Abraham, but if one goes to them from the dead, they will repent.’
"He said to him,
'If they don’t listen to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded if one rises from the dead.'"
"It is impossible that no occasions of stumbling should come, but woe to him through whom they come!
It would be better for him if a millstone were hung around his neck, and he were thrown into the sea, rather than that he should cause one of these little ones to stumble.
Be careful. If your brother sins against you, rebuke him. If he repents, forgive him.
If he sins against you seven times in the day, and seven times returns, saying,
"but whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to stumble, it would be better for him that a huge millstone should be hung around his neck, and that he should be sunk in the depths of the sea.
Woe to the world because of occasions of stumbling! For it must be that the occasions come, but woe to that person through whom the occasion comes!
If your hand or your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off, and cast it from you. It is better for you to enter into life maimed or crippled, rather than having two hands or two feet to be cast into the eternal fire.
If your eye causes you to stumble, pluck it out, and cast it from you. It is better for you to enter into life with one eye, rather than having two eyes to be cast into the Gehenna of fire.
See that you don’t despise one of these little ones, for I tell you that in heaven their angels always see the face of my Father who is in heaven."
"For whoever will give you a cup of water to drink in my name, because you are Christ’s, most certainly I tell you, he will in no way lose his reward.
Whoever will cause one of these little ones who believe in me to stumble, it would be better for him if he was thrown into the sea with a millstone hung around his neck.
If your hand causes you to stumble, cut it off. It is better for you to enter into life maimed, rather than having your two hands to go into Gehenna, into the unquenchable fire,
'where their worm doesn’t die, and the fire is not quenched.' [Isaiah 66:24]
If your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off. It is better for you to enter into life lame, rather than having your two feet to be cast into Gehenna, into the fire that will never be quenched —
'where their worm doesn’t die, and the fire is not quenched.' Isa 66:24
If your eye causes you to stumble, cast it out. It is better for you to enter into the Kingdom of God with one eye, rather than having two eyes to be cast into the Gehenna of fire,
'where their worm doesn’t die, and the fire is not quenched.' [Isa 66:24]
For everyone will be salted with fire, and every sacrifice will be seasoned with salt.
Salt is good, but if the salt has lost its saltiness, with what will you season it?
Have salt in yourselves, and be at peace with one another."
It happened as he was on his way to Jerusalem, that he was passing along the borders of Samaria and Galilee.
As he entered into a certain village, ten men who were lepers met him, who stood at a distance.
They lifted up their voices, saying,
"Jesus, Master, have mercy on us!"
When he saw them, he said to them,
"Go and show yourselves to the priests."
It happened that as they went, they were cleansed.
One of them, when he saw that he was healed, turned back, glorifying God with a loud voice.
He fell on his face at Jesus’ feet, giving him thanks; and he was a Samaritan.
Jesus answered,
"Weren’t the ten cleansed? But where are the nine?
Were there none found who returned to give glory to God, except this stranger?"
Then he said to him,
"Get up, and go your way. Your faith has healed you."
"The days will come, when you will desire to see one of the days of the Son of Man, and you will not see it.
They will tell you,
'Look, here!' or 'Look, there!'
Don’t go away, nor follow after them,
for as the lightning, when it flashes out of the one part under the sky, shines to the other part under the sky; so will the Son of Man be in his day.
As it happened in the days of Noah, even so will it be also in the days of the Son of Man.
They ate, they drank, they married, they were given in marriage, until the day that Noah entered into the ship, and the flood came, and destroyed them all.
Likewise, even as it happened in the days of Lot: they ate, they drank, they bought, they sold, they planted, they built;
but in the day that Lot went out from Sodom, it rained fire and sulfur from the sky, and destroyed them all.
In that day, he who will be on the housetop, and his goods in the house, let him not go down to take them away. Let him who is in the field likewise not turn back.
Remember Lot’s wife!
Whoever seeks to save his life loses it, but whoever loses his life preserves it.
I tell you, in that night there will be two people in one bed. The one will be taken, and the other will be left.
There will be two grinding grain together. One will be taken, and the other will be left."
17:36 Note for 17:36 - Some Greek manuscripts add:
"Two will be in the field: the one taken, and the other left.”
They, answering, asked him,
"Where, Lord?"
He said to them,
"Where the body is, there will the vultures also be gathered together."
Jesus' parable: The Unrighteous Judge Case of the irritating widow and the judge
He also spoke a parable to them that they must always pray, and not give up,
saying,
"There was a judge in a certain city who didn’t fear God, and didn’t respect man.
A widow was in that city, and she often came to him, saying,
Defend me from my adversary!'
He wouldn’t for a while, but afterward he said to himself,
'Though I neither fear God, nor respect man,
yet because this widow bothers me, I will defend her, or else she will wear me out by her continual coming.'"
The Lord said,
"Listen to what the unrighteous judge says.
Won’t God avenge his chosen ones, who are crying out to him day and night, and yet he exercises patience with them?
I tell you that he will avenge them quickly. Nevertheless, when the Son of Man comes, will he find faith on the earth?"
Jesus' parable: The Pharisee and Publican Why Jesus came for the humble, not the righteous
He spoke also this parable to certain people who were convinced of their own righteousness, and who despised all others.
"Two men went up into the temple to pray; one was a Pharisee, and the other was a tax collector.
The Pharisee stood and prayed to himself like this:
'God, I thank you, that I am not like the rest of men, extortioners, unrighteous, adulterers, or even like this tax collector.
I fast twice a week. I give tithes of all that I get.'
But the tax collector, standing far away, wouldn’t even lift up his eyes to heaven, but beat his breast, saying,
I tell you, this man went down to his house justified rather than the other; for everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, but he who humbles himself will be exalted."
DATE: ca 37 (or 40) BC - Herod the Great began his reign in Judea, killing off the Hasmonean Dynasty and the Maccabees of the Kingdom of Israel (ca 140-37 BC). Map of the Kingdom of Herod.
DATE: ca 430-420 BC - Some think late in the reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus or early in the reign of Darius II (ca 423-404 BC), Malachi wrote warnings and promises from the LORD.
Persian Empire kings - links to Wikipedia for information on kings of the Persian Empire from 559-330 BC